Tuesday, September 17, 2024

80 Years Ago, Sunday, 17 September 1944

US NAVY

PACIFIC—TG 32.1 (Rear Admiral William H. P. Blandy) lands Army 81st Infantry Division (less 323d Infantry and reinforced by miscellaneous units) on Angaur, Palaus, supported by carrier-based aircraft and naval gunfire. Airfield facilities on Angaur will be used to support operations against the Philippines.

            Submarine Barb (SS-220) sinks Japanese escort carrier Un'yo and tanker Asuza Maru, 220 nautical miles southeast of Hong Kong, 19°08'N, 116°36'E. Barb and Queenfish (SS-393) pick up an additional 32 British and Australian POWs, survivors of the sunken Rakuyo Maru (see 12 and 15 September).

            Motor torpedo boat PT-371 is damaged by grounding, N.E.I., 02°05'N, 127°51'E.

            USAAF P-40s sink Japanese fishing vessel Hoyo Maru and damage No.5 Kyoei Maru off eastern Ceram.

            Mine sinks Japanese merchant cargo ship Shinai Maru off east coast of Celebes.

 

US ARMY AIR FORCE

EIGHTH AF—UK-USSR-Italy-UK shuttle mission is completed as 72 B-17’s and 59 P-51’s fly without bombs from Italy to UK. 2 B-17’s and a P-51 abort and a P-51 crash-lands SW of Paris. 70 B-17’s and 57 P-51’s land safely in UK. Over 800 B-17’s escorted by 3 fighter groups bomb 117 flak batteries and installations and an airfield, all in the Netherlands. 16 fighter groups escort airplanes of First Allied Airborne Army making parachute and glider drop of 20,000 troops into the Netherlands to secure axis of adv toward Zuider Zee for British Second Army, as part of MARKET-GARDEN, 17-30 September. Troops dropped are I Airborne Corps, consisting of British 1st Airborne Division (with Polish Parachute Brigade) and US 82d and 101st Airborne Divisions. The fighter groups also bomb and strafe flak positions and other ground targets, encountering intense flak and about 30 fighters. 16 US fighters are lost. Claims include 8 airplanes and 107 flak positions destroyed.

NINTH AF—No combat bomber missions are flown. Weather permits 1 leaflet mission. XIX TAC supports US VIII Corps in Brest area and flies armed reconnaissance over Trier and Saarbrucken areas. IX TAC flies armed reconnaissance in the Dusseldorf, Duren, Cologne, and Linz/Rhine areas, supports US 2d and 5th Armored Divisions and 4th Infantry Division in the Netherlands, and participates in MARKET-GARDEN.

TWELFTH AF—B-25’s hit troop concentrations in British Eighth Army battle area in vicinity of Rimini. B-25’s pound rail bridges in W Po Valley, while fighter bombers operating in the Valley attack rails, roads, rolling stock, road bridges, motor transport and other targets. In the mountains S of the Valley US Fifth Army forces break through Gothic Line at Il Giogo Pass, take Monte Altuzzo and Pratone, finish clearing Monte Veruca, and gain crest of Monte Monticelli. US Seventh Army’s French 2d Corps makes contact with US Third Army’s French 2d Armored Division near Bains-lesBains.

FIFTEENTH AF—440-plus heavy bombers, with fighter escort, attack 2 oil refineries and 4 marshalling yards in Budapest area in an attempt to hit Germany’s principal remaining oil supply and to aid Soviet and other friendly forces on S Russian front by pounding the focal rail traffic point in that area. Some of the escorting fighters strafe targets of opportunity in the general target area. Bad weather hampers all but 8 of 54 B-24’s flying supplies to S France. 25 heavy bombers return from Cairo to Italy with Allied airmen formerly imprisoned in Bulgaria. 2 B-17’s, escorted by 41 P-51’s, evacuate wounded airmen from Czechoslovakia to Italy.

TENTH AF—8 P-47’s bomb Katha, 8 hit Momauk and Wanling, and 8 others attack Bhamo. 6 B-25’s hit Mangshih while 3 others bomb Indaw. 16 B-24’s haul fuel to Liuchow. Troop carrier aircraft fly over 200 sorties delivering personnel and supplies to various points in CBI.

FOURTEENTH AF—29 B-24’s bomb Changsha. 27 B-25’s hit Hwangshapu, Kiyang, and Nanyo. 130-plus P-51’s and P- 40’s on armed reconnaissance attack town areas, strongpoints, shipping, railway targets, gun positions, trucks, and other targets of opportunity from NE of Ichang southward through Hunan province and beyond. Areas hit include Changsha, Kiyang, Lingling, Chuanhsien, Siangtan, Hengshan, Kweiyang, and Lingkuantien, plus scattered targets of opportunity elsewhere.

FEAF—B-25’s bomb Buayoan airfield B-24’s, B-25’s, and P-38’s hit Langoan airfield. B-25’s and P-39’s, fighting bad weather, attack a variety of targets, including airfields and villages in Amboina-Ceram area. P-47’s and P- 40’s pound Samate airfield.

SEVENTH AF—A B-24 on a snooper mission from Saipan bombs Iwo Jima. Armed reconnaissance over Marcus is unsuccessful due to bad weather. Gilberts based B-25’s pound Nauru.

ELEVENTH AF—2 B-24’s weather abort a mission to Suribachi. 4 B-25’s fly an unsuccessful shipping sweep.

 

US ARMY

WESTERN EUROPE—21 Army Group: In Canadian First Army’s 2 Corps area, Canadian 3d Division, with strong air and artillery support, begins 6-day battle for Boulogne, making slow progress against strong fortifications. British I Corps, taking over in Antwerp sector from British Second Army, immediately starts to clear the Schelde Estuary in order to open port of Antwerp. Canadian 2d Division, upon relief at Dunkerque by 4th Special Service Brigade, moves to Antwerp where it relieves 12 Corps of task of clearing dock area N of the city. 49th Division is disposed on right flank of corps. 51st Division has been left behind at Le Havre so that its transport may be used by other units.

            In British Second Army’s British 1 Airborne Corps area, First Allied Airborne Army drops 1 Airborne Corps, consisting of British 1st Airborne Division (with Polish Parachute Brigade) and U.S. 82d and 101st Airborne Divisions, in Holland to secure axis of advance toward Zuider Zee for British Second Army. The airborne operation (MARKET), undertaken in daylight, H Hour being 1300, with strong air support and cover, achieves tactical surprise and at first evokes little opposition. This is the largest Allied airborne operation to be mounted thus far. Approximately 20,000 troops land from aircraft and gliders. Losses in transport planes and gliders are only 2.8%. British 1st Airborne Division, with task of seizing 3 bridges over the Neder Rijn (Lower Rhine) at Arnhem, drops as planned some 8 miles from the bridges, giving enemy valuable time, however, to move forward panzer troops already assembled near Arnhem. Small force of less than a Battalion from the Airborne Division succeeds in taking N end of highway bridge and is then isolated; Germans destroy the other 2 bridges. U.S. 82d Airborne Division, charged with seizing bridges and commanding ground in Nijmegen- Grave region, takes Maas bridge at Grave and Maas-Waal Canal bridge at Heumen, as well as commanding ground of Nijmegen–Groesbeek ridge; thrusts into Nijmegen, narrowly missing chance to take the highway bridge there before Germans reinforcements arrive. To U.S. 101st Airborne Division is assigned task of capturing bridges at Veghel and Son, N of Eindhoven. Veghel bridges are taken with little difficulty but enemy blows that at Son just as paratroops are approaching it. Footbridge is improvised at Son over which paratroops cross to drive toward Eindhoven. 30 Corps, spearheading assault northward by ground forces (GARDEN), attacks from Meuse–Escaut Canal bridgehead toward Eindhoven with Cads Armored Division in the lead during afternoon; despite narrow zone of attack, which is confined almost to the highway by terrain, reaches Valkenswaard. On flanks of corps, 8 and 12 Corps prepare for further crossings of Meuse–Escaut Canal, 12 Corps starting across near Lommel, night 17–18.

            12th Army Group: In U.S. Ninth Army’s VIII Corps area, continuing battle for Brest, 29th Division clears eastward to Penfeld R while 2d Division, to right, gets elements across old city wall. 8th Division, clearing Crozon Peninsula, reaches town of Crozon.

            In U.S. First Army’s XIX Corps area, 2d Armored Division expands bridgeheads at Meerssen and Valkenburg, forcing enemy back toward Sittard. 30th Division takes Heerlen on left and crosses German border E of Simpelveld on R. In VII Corps area, Germans, having moved up a fresh Division, make determined counterattacks against corps. 76th Infantry of 1st Division and Combat Command A of 3d Armored Division, forewarned by heavy artillery barrage, turn enemy back and inflict heavy losses. Combat Command B of 3d Armored Division takes Weissenberg Hill before being counterattacked so strongly that it falls back a little; TF Hogan is sent to its aid. Patrol of 47th Infantry, 9th Division, spots Germans forming for attack in Gressenich and takes them under fire when they emerge into the open with devastating results to enemy. Corps activity after this subsides to limited actions, largely on S flank in zone of 9th Division. In V Corps area, 4th Division, after further costly efforts to get to E edge of the Schnee Eifel forest and to take Brandscheid, almost succeeding in each case, calls off offensive and passes to aggressive defense. 28th Division brings sharp reaction from enemy while attempting to advance its almost static line. 5th Armored Division withdraws its Pruem bridgehead at Wettlingen; Combat Command R holds against determined tankinfantry counterattack aimed at eliminating its Wallendorf salient.

            In U.S. Third Army’s XX Corps area, Gen Walker issues tentative plan for air-ground offensive in Metz area, Operation THUNDERBOLT. 90th Division continues limited attacks W of Metz against increasingly strong resistance. Since the price is exceedingly high and gains minute, it is decided to halt attacks in this sector. Germans counterattack between 10th and 11th Regiments of 5th Division in Arnaville bridgehead but are driven off; Hill 245, E of Marieulles, falls to 2d Inf. Combat Command A, 7th Armored Division, assisted by elements of Combat Command B, takes Marieulles; upon relief there by 5th Division is withdrawn to reserve; Combat Command R and Combat Command B are ordered to continue attack toward Seille R. XII Corps forms TF under Gen Sebree of 35th Division, consisting of Combat Command B, 6th Armored Div—which has not yet arrived in corps zone—and 734th Infantry, to clear Bois de Faulx and Bois de la Rumont in conjunction with 80th Division. TF Sebree, without awaiting Combat Command B, begins attack to clear enemy from plateau NE of Nancy late in day. 80th Division is laboriously clearing bridgehead area and preparing for future offensive. 4th Armored Division is to regroup for attack NE toward Rhine R and Darmstadt, this city replacing Mannheim as corps objective. Combat Command B of 4th Armored Division, attacking toward Nomeny to assist 80th Division in breaking out of bridgehead, makes such slow progress that it is ordered to halt. On S flank of corps, enemy is infiltrating into Lunéville, which, however, remains in American hands. In XV Corps area, cavalry of French 2d Armored Division makes contact with French 2d Corps of Seventh Army while patrolling near Bains-les-Bains, SW of Epinal. With arrival of Combat Command B, 6th Armored Division, which relieves Combat Command D in Chaumont area, XV Corps’ flank protection mission is limited to region between the Meuse and the Moselle. French 2d Armored Division, less Combat Command L and cavalry, closes along W bank of the Moselle to S of 79th Division.

            6th Army Group: In U.S. Seventh Army’s VI Corps area, 36th and 3d Divisions are pushing northward toward the Moselle at Remiremont against delaying opposition. 45th Division awaits relief by French on right flank of corps.

ITALY—AAI: In U.S. Fifth Army area, IV Corps begins general advance on W flank of army. TF 45 drives along coast against light opposition. Regimental Combat Team 6, BEF, tries to keep pace with TF 45. 1st Armored Division pushes northward, Combat Command A astride the Serchio N of Lucca and Combat Command B toward M. Liguana from positions N of Pescia. S African 6th Armored Division is still held to small gains on right flank of corps. II Corps succeeds in breaking through Gothic Line at II Giogo Pass. 338th Infantry, 85th Division, at last takes M. Altuzzo, 339th finishes clearing M. Veruca, and 337th takes M. Pratone. W of Il Giogo Pass, 91st Division drives to crest of M. Monticelli. Germans begin withdrawal from Gothic Line under cover of darkness, 17–18. 362d Infantry, 91st Division, retains positions on M. Calvi and near S. Lucia and attacks with 1st Battalion to outskirts of Marcoiano. 34th Division, on left flank of corps, is still stalemated in Torricella Hill area, but gains a little N of M. Frassino. In British 13 Corps area, 1st Division finds M. Giuvigiana free of enemy. 6th Armored Division continues to battle stubborn enemy on M. Peschiena. In British Eighth Army’s 5 Corps area, 46th Division begins attack across the Marano W of Vallecchia, enemy having withdrawn from positions near Montescudo. 56th Division gains ground W of Cerasolo but is held up all day in M. Oliva area to SW. On Canadian 1 Corps’ left flank, British 4th Division presses toward S. Fortunato feature, target for powerful Allied air attacks, but Canadian 1st Division is still unable to clear S. Martino in M. l’Abate.

BURMA—11 Army Group: In British Fourteenth Army’s 33 Corps area, Tuitum falls to Indian 5th Division.

MOROTAI—Action of TF TRADEWINDIAN subsides to patrolling in order to locate small Japanese parties. Islands off SW and W coast are being outposted by 126th Inf.

PALAUS—Against strong resistance, 1st Marines on Peleliu begins clearing S end of central ridge system on W arm of island; elements start up West and East Roads, which skirt the ridges. 5th Marines pushes E to clear E arm of island, meeting scattered opposition. 7th Marines begins to clear the small promontories on S tip of island. At Angaur, naval and air bombardment precede III (Mar) Amphibious Corps’ landing, which takes place about 0830 on 2 beaches on E coast. Against light, ineffective fire from mortars and small arms, 322d Infantry of 81st Division, from northern beach, pushes to positions generally along second phase line from N coast above Lake Aztec southward along E shore of the lake. 321st secures beachhead from Cape Ngariois on N to Rocky Pt on S, extending inland some 350 yards to first phase line. Regimental Combat Team 323 (corps reserve) feints landing off Angaur’s W shore. Enemy counterattacks at night cause little damage and cost enemy heavily.

 

US MARINE CORPS

81st Inf Division, as part of III Amphibious Corps, lands on Angaur.

 

No comments:

Post a Comment