Wednesday, September 25, 2024

80 Years Ago, Friday, 22 September 1944

US NAVY

PACIFIC—Aircraft from TF 38 continue to wreak havoc on Japanese shipping in the Philippines: off Cebu, Navy carrier- based planes sink gunboat Onoshi Maru and auxiliary submarine chaser No.16 Yusen Maru, and auxiliary submarine chaser No.7 Shonan Maru off western tip of Luzon. Off San Fernando, Luzon, U.S. Navy carrier planes sink fishery protection gunboat No.1 Suzuya Maru, merchant cargo ship Eishin Maru and merchant tankers No.9 Hammei Maru, No.7 Takasago Maru and No.24 Nanshin Maru; they also damage auxiliary submarine chaser No.2 Suzuya Maru and army cargo ships Taishin Maru (which is run aground to prevent loss) and Ceram Maru.

            Submarine Lapon (SS-260) damages merchant cargo ship Jungen Go, 15°22'N, 119°17'E.

            Submarine Narwhal (SS-167) lands men and supplies on southwest coast of Mindanao.

            Submarine Pargo (SS-264) unsuccessfully attacks Japanese cargo vessel Manshu Maru, 08°13'N, 117°02'E; destroyer Shiokaze’s counterattack is likewise unsuccessful.

ATLANTIC—German submarine U-979 torpedoes storeship Yukon (AF-9) about 43 miles west of Reykjavik, Iceland.

MEDITERRANEAN—Rescue tug ATR-1 is stranded on submerged wreck.

 

US ARMY AIR FORCE

EIGHTH AF—Over 600 heavy bombers from UK escorted by 6 P-51 groups bomb 3 armored vehicle and motor transport factories at Kassel along with 6 targets of opportunity at Wetzlar. Over 100 B-24’s fly gasoline to France. Last Eighth AF UK-USSR-Italy-UK shuttle mission ends as 84 B-17’s escorted by 51 P-51’s return directly to UK bases from Italy. Remaining aircraft return on 8 Oct.

NINTH AF—XIX TAC HQ accompanies US Third Army HQ from Chalons-sur-Marne to Etain. No bomber missions are flown. Fighters attack railroads, supply and ordnance depots, and strongpoints, and fly sweeps and armed reconnaissance over Cologne, Dusseldorf, Aachen, Koblenz, Trier, Bonn, Mannheim, and Strasbourg areas.

TWELFTH AF—Operating N of Italian battle area, medium bombers bomb road and rail bridges, while fighter bombers continue hitting roads, railroads, and transportation, and support ground forces as US Fifth Army elements prepare to pursue enemy withdrawing from N of Pistoia and to drive N to Raticosa Pass and NE to Imola. British Eighth Army forces battle enemy along Marecchia R.

FIFTEENTH AF—366 B-24’s and B-17’s escorted by 270 fighters bomb NE industrial area of Munich and Munich/Riem airfield. 76 B-24’s bomb Larissa marshalling yard. 68 B-24’s fly supply mission to S France.

TENTH AF—13 B-24’s fly fuel to Liuchow. Troop carriers fly more than 170 other sorties to various points in the CBI.

FOURTEENTH AF—24 B-24’s pound Hankow. 12 B-25’s and 7 P-51’s hit Hengyang road junction and ferry. 7 B-25’s bomb Kianghwa while 6 P-51’s damage nearby bridge. 5 B-25’s hit Yungming. 44 P-40’s and P-51’s blast targets of opportunity along roads in Changsha, Siangtan, and Sintsiang areas. 50-plus other P-40’s and P-51’s hit various targets of opportunity around Chuanhsien, Paoching, Lingling, Hankow, and Kiyang.

FEAF—B-24’s again pound Sidate and Mapanget. B-24’s and B-25’s bomb Amahai and Liang villages and Haroekoe airfield. A-20’s pound Urarom airfield while fighter bombers hit Idorra, Windissi, Moemi, and Kaimana.

SEVENTH AF—15 Sapan-based B-24’s strike shipping at Chichi Jima. 24 P-47’s strafe Pagan and bomb Anatahan I. 3 B-24’s on snooper mission and armed reconnaissance flight bomb Iwo Jima and Marcus. 15 B-26’s, flying out of Makin, bomb Nauru.

 

US ARMY

WESTERN EUROPE—Gen Eisenhower, conferring with his top commanders at Versailles, gives top priority to the opening of the Schelde approaches to Antwerp, since a deep-water port is needed in order to sustain main Allied offensive of enveloping the Ruhr from the north. Offensive is to be conducted by 21 Army Group, assisted by U.S. First Army. Boundary between 21 and 12th Army Groups is adjusted, effective on 25th, to extend NE from Hasselt through Bree, Weert, Deurne, and Venray (all to 12th Army Group) to the Maas at Maashees and along the river to original boundary N of Maastricht. This boundary change gives XIX Corps of U.S. First Army a corridor W of the Maas that contains more than 500 square miles and includes the extensive swampland of the Peel Marshes. To secure this corridor, XIX Corps is to have 2 new Divisions, 29th Division from Brest and 7th Armored Division from Moselle R sector near Metz. Since supply requirements of the Ruhr offensive are to be met fully first, Third Army is to limit its action to that permitted by the supply situation.

            21 Army Group: In Canadian First Army’s 2 Corps area, 3d Division receives surrender of Boulogne garrison. 4th Armored Division has cleared as far N as Leopold Canal and on right flank has reached Schelde Estuary. With capture of Terneuzen by Polish armor, enemy is confined to “Breskens Pocket,” region N of Leopold Canal and W of Savojaards Plaat.

            In British Second Army’s 1 A/B Corps area, British 1st A/B Division is still isolated and under heavy pressure N of the Neder Rijn near Arnhem. Air resupply is impossible because of weather conditions. Elements of 30 Corps make contact with the Polish detachment at Driel and bring DUKW’s loaded with ammunition and supplies for 1st A/B Division. Mud is too deep for the DUKW’s, but group of Poles succeeds in crossing supplies on rafts, night 22–23. U.S. 82d A/B Division clears S bank of the Waal 3 miles E of highway bridge. In 30 Corps area, 43d Division, taking over attack toward Arnhem from Guards Armored Division, gets elements to Driel, but main body is held up far to S by determined opposition. Germans make major counterattack against Veghel, main effort coming through village of Erp. U.S. 101st A/B Division, to whom reinforcements are rushed, forces enemy back from Veghel, but Germans cut highway between there and Uden. 12 Corps is slowly improving positions W of Eindhoven. 8 Corps, continuing toward Helmond, takes Weert.

            12th Army Group: U.S. First Army goes on the defensive along most of its line. XIX Corps postpones offensive against West Wall indefinitely. In VII Corps area, Combat Command B of 3d Armored Division, under smoke screen, withdraws both TF Lovelady and TF Mills from Donnerberg area to Stolberg, where TF Hogan has cleared enemy from S part of town; Combat Command B then goes on the defensive and makes contact with Combat Command A at Muensterbusch; the Division comes to a halt within 3 miles of its objective, Eschweiler. Germans make all-out counterattack against 47th Infantry, 9th Division, at Schevenhuette but are driven back with extremely heavy losses; 60th Infantry breaks off attack for Huertgen village in order to send reinforcements to Schevenhuette; these are not required there but later attack to ease pressure on the single 60th Infantry Battalion in Huertgen Forest, where close, indecisive fighting rages for next 3 days. V Corps remains on the defensive.

            In U.S. Third Army’s XX Corps area, enemy evacuates Cheminot, since it has become an untenable pocket between XX and XII Corps. 7th Armored Division prepares to attack across the Seille on 23d. 2d Battalion of 10th Infantry, 5th Division, withstands further enemy attacks against Pournoy-la-Chétive, this time from SE of the town. In XII Corps area, elements of 80th Division continue to fight in Bois de la Rumont. Combat Command B, 6th Armored Division, circling W and S from Forêt de Grémecey to take enemy in Amance area from rear, clears strongly occupied Armaucourt. 134th Infantry, 35th Division, attacks into Bois de Faulx at noon; 137th pushes through rest of Fort de Champenoux, from which enemy flees under air and artillery attack, abandoning Amance plateau. 6th Armored Division ( — ) assembles in Fort de Grémecey to clear this region and screen between 80th Infantry and 4th Armored Divisions. Combat Command A, 4th Armored Division, halts German tank-infantry attack toward Moyenvic in region W of Juvelize and inflicts heavy losses on enemy. In XV Corps area, 79th Division progresses slowly: on left, Germans make local attacks from Forêt de Parroy toward Lunéville; 315th Infantry loses and recovers a portion of Lunéville; 313th, delayed by counterattack at Moncel, cannot advance into Forêt de Mondon; 4 cos of 314th Infantry ford the Meurthe but, since they cannot advance without support from tanks and arty, halt to await bridging. French 2d Armored Division crosses the Meurthe between Flin and Vathiménil, night 22–23; patrols through S part of Forêt de Mondon to La Vezouse R at Benamenil but is driven back.

            6th Army Group: In U.S. Seventh Army’s VI Corps area, 157th Infantry of 45th Division maintains bridgehead at Igney while 179th crosses the Moselle at Arches and clears Archettes; 180th continues to clear Epinal, from which enemy begins withdrawing. 36th Division finishes clearing Eloyes and is attacking Remiremont.

ESTONIA—Soviet forces seize Baltic prize of Tallinn.

ITALY—AAI: In U.S. Fifth Army’s IV Corps area, S African 6th Armored Division is ordered forward in pursuit since enemy appears to be withdrawing from positions above Pistoia. II Corps virtually completes operations against the Gothic Line and is ready for drive N to Radicosa Pass and NE to Imola. 362d Infantry, 91st Division, completes reduction of Futa Pass defenses; other elements of 91st Division establish outposts across the Santerno. On left flank of corps, enemy opposition to 34th Division is weakening: 135th Infantry takes M. Citerna, NW of Santa Lucia; 168th seizes Hill 1134, E of Montepiano. 91st Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron, screening left flank, finds Vernio abandoned by enemy. 85th Division pushes toward M. la Fine on right to assist 88th Division and toward M. Canda on left in support of 91st Division’s attack for Radicosa Pass. On right flank of corps, 88th Division continues rapidly along Santerno R valley, outdistancing 85th Division, and boundary is altered to give M. la Fine, except for western spur, to 88th Division. In British 13 Corps area, Indian 8th Division completes occupation of Giogo di Villore without opposition.

            In British Eighth Army area, 5 Corps, with Indian 4th Division on left, 46th Division in center, and 1st Armored Division on right, attacks across the Marecchia, night 22–23, and begins struggle for ridges N of the river. 56th Division withdraws from line; its 168th Brigade ceases to exist as a fighting unit. In Canadian 1 Corps area, British 4th Division establishes bridgehead across the Marecchia on left flank of corps, and 5th Armored Division prepares to attack through it. NZ 2d Division takes command of coastal sector, releasing Canadian 1st Division and attached Greek 3d Mountain Brigade for welcome rest.

PALAUS—On Peleliu, Japanese continue effective defense of central ridges and are bringing up reinforcements. 1st Marine Division observation planes are operating from the airfield. On Angaur, elements of 322d Infantry again push into the bowl in Lake Salome area from the S but retire at night.

ULITHI—Regimental Combat Team 323, 81st Division, lands without opposition and begins securing the atoll.

 

US MARINE CORPS

 

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